Federal law sets a baseline for low-speed e-bikes, but states and cities decide where Class 1–3 bikes can go. Class 1 usually has the broadest access to multi-use paths; Class 3 is often restricted to roads. Helmet rules, minimum ages, and speed limits on paths vary. Some places require registration for certain classes or ban uncertified batteries after fire incidents. Parks and trails may post separate rules. Before buying or riding a new route, check official city/state sites or local bike advocacy groups. Rules change, so verify current guidance. Compliant, certified bikes reduce legal and safety friction.

What’s the strictest or most surprising local rule you’ve encountered?